Strategic analysis and marketing strategy for Samsung

Strategic analysis and marketing strategy for Samsung 1. Introduction and Company overview The consumer electronics industry is a versatile and competitive business environment (Porter, Consumer behavior, retailer power and market performance in consumer goods industries, 1974). Rival companies in this industry regularly attempt to surpass their contenders through innovative promotional methods, developing and reassessing their strategies regularly in light of external and internal factors affecting the business (Teece, 2010). Marketing departments of companies focus their efforts on identifying and anticipating the needs and desires of customers and designing products and/or services that meet all expectations of their client base (Gummesson, 2002). Industry leaders are usually companies that have excelled in research and development (RD) and marketing functions alongside their operational capabilities, utilising the information available to them to develop products that appeal to their target audience and communicate to their clients in a timely and relevant manner. Founded in 1938, Samsung is one of the industry leaders in a multitude of industries from power generation through to smart phones (Kovach, 2013). Each of their business units adhere to the same vision of becoming the preferred supplier of products and/or services to their clients, but the methods used to achieve this vision are tailored to suit the specific market focus, therefore demonstrating the adaptability of the company. This paper will analyse the marketing strategy and business environment of Samsung Electronics, focusing particularly on their TV production and sales functions. Therefore, this report intends to explore the various internal and external factors which shape the business strategy and tactics of the retailer, through the use of analytical business tools, namely PESTLE, SWOT, Value Chain and 5 forces analyses. 2. PESTLE analysis A PESTLE analysis is a tool used to examine the macro environment external to a business and highlight the aspects that impact on the chosen organisation (Teece, 2010). The letters in the acronym stand for the main structures (political, economical, social, technological, legal and environmental) which affect the business, as presented below for the Samsung case study. 2.1. Political One political aspect which influences corporations’ income is the level of corporate tax and customer taxation (HM Revenue Customs, 2013). Any fluctuations in the corporate tax percentage can impact on the operations of a business and many companies chose to move their business headquarters in countries where the corporate tax is beneficial to their profit purposes. However, many corporations do not understand that this could potentially impact on the overall reputation of the corporation. Samsung Electronics operates as a South Korean based and owned business and in one year from 2010 to 2011 the company has seen an increase in taxes and dues of 11.7% (Samsung Electronics, 2012). In spite of this, the company chose to remain loyal to its country of origin and, in turn, this has a positive impact on the ethical reputation of Samsung. In addition to this, the headquarters location of Samsung in South Korea is also a political factor that has to be factored into its strategic development, as the tensions with its neighbouring country North Korea and the threat of a military conflict in the Korean Peninsula is a pressing reality (Sang-Hun, 2013). Another political aspect is imposing tariffs and trade barriers, which aim to protect the local employment and producers through increasing the price of imported products into the country (Lee Swagel, 1997). This protects a country’s overall economy and Samsung has integrated local sourcing tactics into their Corporate Social Responsibilities activities, with locally focused RD departments and a focus on using and developing the skills of local labourers. 2.2. Economical The economic stability and growth of a region has a direct and significant impact on the profits of a business. Economic stability of a region provides high standards of living and high employment rates leading to an increase in consumers’ disposable income and a close analysis of growth trends determine the market focus of Samsung (Meyer, 2009). The consumer electronics market has experienced an increase in sales due to the growth of individuals’ spending power, which is expected to rise over the next decade, due to a steady recovery from the economic downturn of the past few years (Savitz, 2012). At the same time, the economic strength of a region (or the disposable income of the region’s inhabitants) is an indicator for the saturation of the market in regards to electronic products. As such, Western economies are areas where Samsung has a well-established brand name, but is experiencing potential resistance from the customers who are overly exposed to marketing messages from all consumer electronics sellers (Long, 2014). At the opposite end of the spectrum, growing economies are a great market for Samsung’s expansion, as the demand for upmarket consumer electronics is on the rise and the reputation of the company can be utilised to position it in a good competitive position (Lev-Ram, 2013). 2.3. Social Demographic variables influence a business’ focus, their product or service offerings and ultimately impact on the sales and the survival of a business in its market. Studies reveal that an aging population is less likely to purchase furniture items and the latest technological devices, which is relevant in determining the areas of focus (Jaimovich Siu, 2008). Comprehensive analysis of the demographics and cultural trends are needed in order to ensure that a company maximises its profits (Curtis Cobham, 2008). Samsung has local centres for RD in the different geographical areas, such as Samsungs Electronics China, Samsung Poland RD Centre or Samsung RD Institute India (Maniwa, 2010). This ensures that the company has a clear view of the customer demand and expectations and, although Samsung operates on a global basis, they can benefit from the local knowledge developed by these RD centres. Labelled as glocalisation, the strategy of mixing the global focus of a company with the local demands of the market is the way forward in establishing a company like Samsung as the industry leader in all the geographical areas where it operates (Svensson, 2001). Defeating the local competitors is only possible if a global retailer understands the strategies required to position itself as a market leader in a particular area. Samsung invests at least 9% of their sales revenue in the RD function, proving that the company has a clear understanding of the importance of the culture and demographics of its markets (Samsung, 2014). 2.4. Technological Another technological factor which increases awareness and reach amongst the target market of retailers is social media. The interactive online platforms allow companies to engage in meaningful communication with their customers and helps build a company’s reputation through customer reviews and feedback (Kaplan Haenlein, 2010). Whilst technology can be leveraged by companies to become more relevant to their targeted consumer market, mobile devices that allow access to the Internet on the go have empowered customers, who can compare and contrast the offerings of competitors with minimal effort (Simmons, 2008). Individuals can use webpages that are specifically designed to compare the technological specs and the prices of similar products from distinct brands in order to obtain the best value for money for the product they are looking to purchase. As such, Samsung’s influence in regards to marketing has been increased by the presence of smart technology but the marketing messages relevance has been negatively influenced by customers’ access to multichannel shopping environments. Due to technology, companies are also able to cut down production and promotion costs and improve the quality of their products. Samsung’s digital TV’s have evolved from black and white back in 1970 to the LED 3D TV sets currently available (Warman, 2013). In addition to this, the sale channels used by Samsung have diversified to cater to every need of the customer, with online shopping as well as in store options available. 2.5. Legal Electronics companies, particularly those who have diversified their product offerings to include smartphones and tablets are in fierce competition in the retail market (Brien, 2014). From a legal standpoint, companies have started to file lawsuits for patent rights in order to increase their competitive edge. After three years of corporate hostilities between the two market leaders in smartphone sales. Apple and Samsung, the companies have reached an agreement to drop all litigations between the two companies outside of the US (Swanson, 2014). Although less publicly spoken of, Samsung is currently facing another patent lawsuit from the chipmakers Nvidia, over the use of graphics which are patented to Nvidia and have been used in mobile and TV devices by Samsung over the last years (Rubin Tibken, 2014). The risk that a company is usually faced with when it comes to the legal macro environmental element is the precedent created by a lawsuit, as other competitors will attempt to find ways to affect a company’s cash flow and their reputation through claims. In addition to the patent lawsuits, Samsung is facing a controversial legal battle regarding compensation for factory workers who suffered from cancer and the company has officially accepted to compensate those affected (Simpson, 2014). Although the official statement of the vice-chairman of Samsung, Kwon Oh-hyun is an official apology to the affected families and individuals, Samsung clearly states that the payment and official apology do not concede a link between the chemicals used in the company’s semiconductor assembly plants and the cancer cases (Associated Press, 2014). However, the public might be inclined to believe that the payment is indeed an admittance of the company’s fault, affecting its reputation in regards to the ethical employment promoted by the Korean company. 2.6. Environmental Over the last decades, the importance of environmental sustainability has gradually increased, and successful companies are regularly scrutinised with regards to their carbon emission, recycling and supplier behaviour. Businesses are compelled by national and international standards to conduct their operations in a manner which limits their negative impact on the environment (McWilliams Siegel, 2001). Samsung’s design team matches the demand for new products with environmental standards and tries to make use of recyclable and eco-friendly materials. To exemplify, the LED TVs are made without the use of mercury or spray paint which are considered hazardous to the environment. In terms of manufacturing, the company has reduced greenhouse emissions by 47% through innovative production processes (Brownlee, 2009). In addition to this, Samsung has wind-powered facilities across the US, therefore utilising renewable energies, further reducing the negative impact on the environment at large (Samsung, 2007). 3. Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis Porter’s 5 forces is an analytical tool used for determining the profit potential of a company in its industry, in relation to all parties involved, from competitors to customers (Porter, 1986). 3.1. Industry rivalry The majority of industry rivalry in the retail business revolves around price competition. The consumer electronics industry is currently oversaturated and consumers are spoiled for choice in any given product category (McGoldrick, 2002). Therefore this is a very high threat, particularly for Samsung, as the competitors Sony, Panasonic and LG are able to match the product offerings of Samsung. 3.2. Threat of new entrants The threat of new entrants in the industry that Samsung Electronics operates in is generally low, because of the oversaturation of the business and because the existing competitors have established some barriers to entry, particularly the well established reputation of the existing brands. 3.3. Bargaining power of suppliers Another low threat is the bargaining power of suppliers, due to the same reason as above, as suppliers are not able to negotiate prices, as they are competing amongst themselves to become the preferred suppliers for the industry leaders, as a guarantee of constant profits. 3.4. Bargaining Power of buyers The bargaining power of consumers is one of the highest threats to Samsung, as the competition is fierce in the industry, and customers are overwhelmed with the promotional messages directed at them. Therefore, it is important in the retail industry to gain the loyalty of a customer (Macintosh Lockshin, 1997). Also, apart from the fact that consumers are price-sensitive, they are also becoming oversaturated with generalised promotional messages so, in order to gain potential customers, Samsung needs to invest time and budget into researching their target audience and developing relevant and appealing messages, which in turn increases the chances to boost the profits of the firm. 3.5. Threat of substitutes The threat of substitutes is a relatively high one, as an increasing number of individuals are using their laptop, PCs, tablets or smartphones to watch programmes that they would traditionally watch on TV. However, Samsung Electronics has diversified its product offerings to include any of the products that could potentially replace TVs, whilst also evolving towards more sophisticated and interactive models of TV, which offer seamless integrations with web applications and external devices. 4. SWOT analysis The SWOT analysis is a framework used to categorise internal and external factors that influence the operations of an organisation. Unlike the PESTLE analysis, this tool clearly requires a delimitation of negative and positive factors that influence a company and whether these factors are internal or external to the organisation. External Internal Positive Negative Strengths Weaknesses Product range Ownership of market share Brand reputation Awards and industry recognition Low cost productions Local teams in all locations Investment in RD Pricing tactics – lower price is usually interpreted as low quality Not niche focused Relies on external software for products Distribution channels costs for products Patent litigations with Apple Opportunities Threats Increased market demand in growing economies (particularly India) Increase in disposable income after economic downturn recovery Demand for innovative products Reputation of competitors Decline in demand for TVs Political instability in South Korea Aging population 5. The marketing mix (4Ps) 5.1. Product The variety of TV sets offered by Samsung ensures it keeps abreast of the competition in the consumer electronics market. Their product offerings are suitable to a wide array of customers, from those requiring basic TV sets through to large display 3D TVs with interactive features for those potential clients who are interested in the latest gadgets (Katzmaier, 2011). The consistency in high performance and stylish designs for their products ensures the brand recognition of Samsung TVs. 5.2. Price Pricing strategies are dependent on a variety of influencing factors. Despite popular belief, the lowest prices are not the most attractive to all customers, as the demands of the market in general has become more sophisticated and consumers have become aware of the concept of value for money (Ba Pavlou, 2002). As such, clients are prepared to pay premium prices if they are comfortable in the belief that they will obtain a high quality product. As such, Samsung uses the competitive pricing strategy for their TVs, devoting time to comparing their prices with the ones of their main competitors like LG or Sony in every geographical market (Woollaston, 2013). The Samsung TV prices reflect the quality that the customers can expect from the product. 5.3. Placement Through a thorough market research Samsung places their products in the best retail seller locations in each of the countries where they operate. For example, Samsung TVs can be found in John Lewis, Tesco or Argos stores across the UK, which are some of the best known British retailers. At the same time, Samsung operates independent showrooms and have partnered with numerous other companies from all industries that display Samsung TVs in their headquarters in order to increase the market presence of the brand (Kershaw, 2012). Overall, the placement of products in all the retail locations ensures that the brand maintains its leading market position, as the catalogues of stores where Samsung TVs are sold feature the newest TV models released by the company, promoting the brand even further. 5.4. Promotion Samsung often uses promotional pricing tactics in order to maintain its competitive edge over the other industry leaders. Specifically designed to attract customers, price reductions, such as the ones available in John Lewis online stores, with free delivery and 5 year guarantee and added care for all Samsung TV sets, these promotions are particularly available around the Christmas holidays in order to attract customers at a time when their disposable income is used to make more generous purchases, including new TVs for the house (Moore, 2011). In 2011, when Samsung launched their new generation of 3D TVs, they were offering two free pairs of 3D glasses with the purchase of selected TVs, an attractive offer for the potential customers, particularly as none of the other Panasonic or LG 3D TVs were benefiting from this offer (Katzmaier, 2011). 6. Conclusion Although the quality, design and technological specifications of consumer electronics remain important characteristics in the decision making process of a consumers’ purchase, marketing strategies and tactics have a crucial impact on the perception of existing and potential customers. The reputation of a company, including their ethical behaviour, from human resources to their impact on the environment at large and the perception of industry innovators in their specific market can influence the profits of a company in a significant manner. This paper has presented how the external environment can influence the marketing strategy of a company and how Samsung Electronics’ current practices are in line with the demands and realities of the consumer electronics market across the globe. Although the competition is fierce and Samsung’s rivals in the TV market share are other well-known global brands such as LG, Sony or Panasonic, the ethical behaviour of Samsung has helped the company increase their revenue each year, through launching products that attract the technological savvy customers, as well as launching promotional offers for the customers who are more price sensitive. Samsung’s ambition to become a global leader in the consumer electronics industry is complemented by their investment in research and development and marketing functions of the organisation, as well as adapting a strategy of glocalisation, using their recognisable brand name but becoming aware of the needs and desires of customers in each local market. All in all, this paper proves that time and resources invested in developing a strategy that focuses on the needs and desires of customers across the distinct markets that a global leader operates in translates into increased profits and reputation building. Bibliography Associated Press. (2014, May 14). Samsung promises to compensate factory workers who suffered cancer. Retrieved October 27, 2014, from The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/may/14/samsung-compensate-factory-workers-cancer Ba, S., Pavlou, P. A. (2002). Evidence of the effect of trust building technology in electronic markets: Price premiums and buyer behavior. MIS Quarterly, 26(3), 243-268. Brien, M. (2014, March 1). Samsung versus Apple: Dueling business models. Retrieved October 28, 2014, from Domicity: http://www.domicity.com/2013/04/samsung-versus-apple/ Brownlee, J. (2009, January 7). CES: Samsung announces Luxia LEDs, Palm Theater P3, 64GB SSD Digicam and more. 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Musician Portrait: Bob Dylan Essay

Bob Dylan brought the folk traditions of artists such as Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger to both the mainstream and beatnik culture of America, and into the rock and roll era. His writing provided a more thoughtful counterpart to The Beatles and the other musicians of the era, who were always more commercially successful, fusing popular music with an intellectuality and social conscience. His lyrics were the first to be analysed and seriously regarded as literature and his words today represent part of the Western Canon, cited by presidents, scholars and musicians in equal measure (Rolling Stone 2001). For five decades he has been writing and performing, and his works are hugely varied in musical and lyrical content, from blues-influenced anti-war sing-alongs to ecclesiastical-funk in the rather forgettable born-again Christian years. His lyrics’ social commentary – particularly in his earlier years – truly fulfils the role of folk-music in spreading tales and ideas by oral means, which will always be a refreshing memory of when the large proportion of popular songs didn’t seem to revolve around either fellatio or handguns. Biography Ethnic/Racial Roots and Early Years Bob Dylan was born Robert Zimmerman into a Jewish family in Minnesota, where he grew up in the earliest years of rock and roll, and popular music as a whole. While his Jewish roots had little effect on his musicianship and career, it was the work of singers such as Elvis and Little Richard that led the boy to pursue both the piano and the electric guitar – which he would later shun for many years – and begin to write music; performing in several high school bands. He also found an icon in James Dean, collecting memorabilia (Life in Hibbing 2002) and riding a motorcycle, which would almost kill him and send him into his longest period of seclusion in the late 60s. Though overshadowed for many years by his folk-revival status, rock and roll was what had the greatest influence his youth and earliest musical beginnings. Music Formative Years In his high-school yearbook, Dylan is said to have written his ambition as being ‘to join Little Richard’ (No Direction Home 1998), however folk music replaced these ambitions during his brief education at the University of Minneapolis. The shift away from rock and roll can be attributed to his maturity, and it is in these years that he truly becomes a poet. After dropping out of university, he began using the name ‘Bob Dylan’ for the first time, and moved to New York City in search of his idol, the folk-hero Woody Guthrie. It was his relationship with Guthrie that defined these years, and he spent a huge amount of time at the ailing man’s bedside, as well as growing in popularity within the Greenwich Village folk scene, performing in many small clubs around New York. It was at the age of only 21 that he released his eponymous debut album and his commercial career began. Performing Career Dylan has recorded thirty-three albums since 1962, and – as I mentioned in the introduction – been through several significant phases in his music and his life. Aside from typical musical development – most significantly ‘going electric’ in 1965 and putting his grassroots folk beginnings behind him – his most interesting paths have been his personal ones. With a near-fatal motorcycle accident in 1966, the end of the beginning of his career was ended abruptly, and he was sent into seclusion for many years, performing rarely and releasing albums of very inconsistent quality, repudiated by many of his earlier fans. He was honored by the music industry in 1991 with a Lifetime Achievement Grammy, and at the ceremony he delivered a speech which rather epitomized his opinion of his career; stating that â€Å"My daddy once said to me, he said, ‘Son, it is possible for you to become so defiled in this world that your own mother and father will abandon you. If that happens, God will believe in your ability to mend your own ways. ‘† (Behind The Shades 2003). Discography The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan (1963) In his second studio album, Dylan for the first time performs only his own songs. In the midst of his years in the Greenwich folk scene, the songs are largely performed with only vocals and guitar, and the occasional harmonica solo, and represent the most bare and traditionally folk of Dylan’s works. The album’s opening track ‘Blowin’ in the Wind’ is his most well-known early song, and the classic example of the ‘protest song’ which he was known for. Highway 61 Revisited (1965) Dylan’s sixth studio album, ‘Highway 61†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ was the first he recorded with a full backing band, and represented a return his rock and roll roots. A departure from the often light-hearted grassroots folk songs of his earlier career, the album is emotionally intense and far more serious. Offending many of his folk fans, Dylan was booed off during his second performance of the album by the crowd Folk Festival in England, whose rage was directed symbolically at his electric guitar, seen as a particular betrayal. The album’s best-known song ‘Like A Rolling Stone’ was in 2004 named the ‘Greatest Song of All-Time’ by Rolling Stone magazine. Desire (1976) One of his most commercially successful albums, and the most acclaimed in the on-off period of the 70s and 80s, Desire was the most folk-influenced of the era for Dylan. The album was recorded with somewhat of a bordello of travelling musicians, with whom Dylan had toured and written with for the past year or so. The album’s opening track, Hurricane is one of his later protest songs, and – of the 4 songs over seven minutes on the album – an almost epic ballad, and his best example of classic folk storytelling. Modern Times (2006) His second album of the new millennium, Modern Times is a blues-rock orientated album, a genre not explored extensively in his earlier career. Singing with an impossibly rough voice, Dylan was in his mid-60s during the album’s recording, yet the album was well received by critics, many of whom suggested it was among the best of his career. His rendition of’ Someday Baby’, a blues ballad allegedly first written by Muddy Waters (Wikipedia), was awarded a Grammy for the best solo male rock song in the year after its released. Critical Commentary ‘Like A Rolling Stone’ Highway 61 Revisited (1965) Music To the folk purists of Greenwich Village who Dylan had grown to detest, the first few seconds of Like A Rolling Stone embodied Dylan’s ascent into the grand musical landscapes of rock, with a single strike of the bass drum introducing the famous organ, piano and guitar melody which continues throughout the 6 minute song. Immediately fast-paced and energetic the instrumentation reflects an escape from the relative constraints of the one-man-band acoustic guitar, harmonica and voice which Dylan had brought to the mainstream in previous albums. The songs surface rhythm is fairly conventional and consistent, with a largely unadventurous drum kit and tambourine keeping time throughout for the guitar and organ, but beneath this, the jangly bar-room piano is moving through rag/blues improvisations and straying from the rhythm in the background. The organ which so anthematically opens the song, compliments Dylan’s vocals throughout, wailing the celebrated riff of the chorus, but it never approaches drowning out his voice in any way, again firmly our of the foreground. The melody is for the most part led by the organ, which plays for the songs entirety and works around several chords, without any significantly adventurous breaks. On top of this are several solos, by the lead guitar, which carries the vocals into the chorus, and the harmonica, which stands as a reminder of Dylan’s folk roots. Lyrics The song has been interpreted for decades in enormous detail, but we can see clearly that Dylan is recounting at essence two sides of a fall from grace; directed at a â€Å"princess on the steeple† who to lives in a blind decadence, while warned that she is â€Å"bound to fall†, but who lands up â€Å"scrounging around for [her] next meal†. Many have claimed the song is directed at Dylan’s one time lover, actress Edie Sedgwick, whose drug addiction and early death greatly affected the singer. Each of the five stanzas follows a similar rhythmic and rhyming structure, and follows a similar content structure in beginning by referencing the subject’s indulgence and ignorance, and consequentially linking it to the desolation of her current condition – â€Å"You said you’d never compromise/With the mystery tramp, but now you realise he’s not sellin’ any alibis† In this example the bold word indicates the shift in the whole stanza and the almost condescending manner in which Dylan delivers it, like the conclusion of a fable – drawing a moral lesson from an unfortunate scenario. The chorus asks rhetorically and yet pleadingly, â€Å"How does it feel? To be on your own†¦with no direction home† and seems to blame the subject for her position, but – especially considering the last line of the quote – Dylan could see some of himself in the character. After spending so long escaping his upbringing Dylan had been rejected by the community he ran away to join and heartbroken, and it is this aspect which is the song’s most poignant. For more information www. bobdylanroots. com – This website catalogs the musical and social bases of Dylan’s work, and has compiled many articles and influences relating to his influences. It also contains an extensive lyrics library which I used in analyzing ‘Like A Rolling Stone’ and many audio and video files of recordings and performances. http://folkmusic. about. com – This extensive catalog of articles has a particularly good section on protest songs, and the significance of folk music in the anti-war and civil rights movements. The article entitled ‘Who’s The Next Bob Dylan’ also provided me with some new names in folk music to pursue Citations Romanowski et al. The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll – (Simon & Schuster, 2001) A Tribute to Bob Dylan – Life in Hibbing. www. hibbing. org – (Copyright 2002) Shelton. No Direction Home – (Penguin, 1987) Heylin. Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades Revisited – (Harper, 2003) Wikipedia – Modern Times (album). en. wikipedia. org

Pak Us Relations - 7976 Words

Lecture No. 1 25-10-210 KASHMIR ISSUE OUTLINE: 1. Background 2. Indian Perspective 3. Pakistan Perspective 4. Plebiscite 5. Partition 6. Independent and conclusion EARLY HISTORY: In the 18th century Kashmir was ruled by the Muslim Pashtun Durrani Empire. In 1819 Kashmir was conquered by the Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh. Following the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1845 and 1846, Kashmir was first ceded by the Treaty of Lahore to the East India Company, and shortly after sold by the Treaty of Amritsar to Gulab Singh, Raja of Jammu, who thereafter was given the title Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. From then until the Partition of India, Kashmir was ruled by the Hindu Maharajas of the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu although†¦show more content†¦3) PAKISTANI PROSPECTIVE: Pakistan says that Kashmir is a disputed territory whose final status must be determined by the people of Kashmir. Pakistan always keep same just Jammu and Kashmir is occupied territory exception of India. Pakistan seas fire signed under the coercive pressure. And is here no legal and moral justification. And because the UN security council also accept the self deternation of the Kashmiri people and that’s way UN resolution still alive and effective. Atal Bihari Vajpai visited to Pakistan in January 1999, because Bhartia Janta Party always tried to solve Kashmir issue. Vajpai came in Pakistan by bus service. Prime Minister Nawaz Shareef and Bihari Vajpai signed a declaration that called Lahore Declaration. In that time raised Kargil issue in October 1999, taken over by the Chief of Army Staff. When Musharaf was President of Pakistan, he invited by Atal Bihari Vajpai (PM of India). They signed a declaration in July 2002, at Agrah, that is called Agra summit. These are the efforts was made by the Pakistan. 4) POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS OF KASHMIR DISPUTE: Several options have been proposed for solution of the Kashmir dispute but this intricate problem has remained un-solved causing enormous financial and material costs to all parties to the conflict. Although list of proposals for resolution of Kashmir dispute is quite large but the following major possible solutions have been put forward from time to time toShow MoreRelatedChange Management : Business Process Re Engineering Essay1027 Words   |  5 Pageswas just about an indistinguishable clone of Safeways’s Pak â€Å"N† Save chain in Northern California. (Wikipedia, 2013) Business Policy – Mission and Strategy Pak’n Save of New Zealand’s follows clear policy of providing lowest food prices, then why should Kiwis shop anywhere else? Further Pak’n Save loves to capitalize on being proudly New Zealand owned and operated, their patriotic feeling towards their country has increased their business. (Pak n Save, n.d.) Founded in 1985, Pak’nSave is one of theRead MoreCan India Become a Superpower?993 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome 1.6 billion. Putting some light on political arena, Indian constitution has parliamentary system, multiparty system, liberal and conservatives. But it doesnt matter what rights we have there in our constitution because all are violated either by us or by governmennt, cant blame on a particular society or league of people. Now, the question comes, why it is not so easy to become a superpower, even we have proved ourself in every section of development? It is not so significant either you have takenRead Morebusiness unit 16 p1 p2 p3 p4 m11355 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are various ways of getting the product to the customer. At his and hers we use direct selling and distance selling. At his and hers we sell our products directly to our customers from our store. Which gives us direct contact with our customers which with great customer service helps us to build a relationship with our customers. We also have our own online website where customers can place their order and we send them their products via delivery or shipping. Financial issues P2Read MoreForeign Secretary Level Talks : India s Prime Minister820 Words   |  4 PagesWhile campaigning for last year’s national vote, Narendra Modi promised a â€Å"new chapter† in Indo-Pak history if he became India’s Prime Minister (P.M). Instead, bilateral relations during his year and a half in office have not budged past a prologue both exhausting and marred by testy cross-border rhetoric. All that has changed now, at least on the surface. After Modi pleasantly surprised Pakistan by gatecrashing P.M Nawaz Sharif’s birthday party on December 25, there is hope for a new era, or atRead MoreForeign Secretary Level Talks : India s Prime Minister Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesWhile campaigning for last year’s national vote, Narendra Modi promised a â€Å"new chapter† in Indo-Pak history if he became India’s Prime Minister (P.M). Instead, bilateral relations through his first year and a half in office stuck to a prologue both fractious and pinned by testy cross-border rhetoric. All that has changed now, at least on the surface. After Modi pleasantly surprised Pakistan by gatecrashing P.M Nawaz Sharif’s birthday party on December 25, there is hope for a new era, or at leastRead MorePakistan Afghanistan Relations3175 Words   |  13 Pagesworld closer at one platform. Its one of the fundamental principle has been to establish brotherly relations with the Muslim countries. Pakistan succeeded in cherishing very cordial relations with every Muslim country baring Afghanistan. In case of Afghanistan geographical location has acted more negatively than the binding role the Muslim faith was expected to play. In case of Pak-Afghan relations Lord Curzon’s (former Viceroy of India) saying seems to be worth mentioning here, ‘frontiers are indeedRead MorePakist Pakistan For Counter Terrorism And Sino Pak Cooperation825 Words   |  4 PagesCenter and United States embassies in Africa were apprehended by Pakistan. â€Å"Despite being the victim of terrorism itself, Pakistan has been cooperating with the international community and the US in counterterrorism efforts† . After 9/11 China sought cooperation from Pakistan for counter terrorism and Sino-Pak cooperation and ‘combating terrorism, separatism and extremism’ agreements were signed in 2005 and 2006. Meanwhile, Pakistani forces killed Hasan Mahsum, head of the East Turkestan Islamic MovementRead MoreTqm Implementation at Suzuki Motors4475 Words   |  18 PagesTQM IMPLEMENTATION AT PAK SUZUKI MOTORS CO. LTD. Course: Total Quality Management Course In charge: Sir Irfan Submitted by: Ahtisham Iqbal (07) Ayesha Hasan (14) Osama Masood Khan (40) Rabeel Arif Shaikh (43) Saira Farooq (52) Zoheb Hassan Khan (62) Date: 4th December 2011 S. No | CONTENTS | Pg. No | 1234 | Total Quality ManagementPak Suzuki Motor Company LimitedInterview With The Assistant Manager (HR) Of PSMCLAnalysis of TQM At Pak Suzuki Motors Company Limited | 03071013 |Read MoreA Research On The Tapi Gas Pipeline820 Words   |  4 Pagesbe a litmus test for the appeal of positive economics over set geopolitical agendas. TAPI, for sure, is great news for energy starved South Asia, but it risks becoming a coercive tool to strong-arm downstream partners when bilateral or trilateral relations sour. Once online in 2019, TAPI will funnel 33 billion cubic meters of gas along a 1800 km pipeline from Turkmenistan’s Galkynysh field to Fazilka in Indian Punjab. It will pass through Herat and Kandahar in Afghanistan, cross borders into QuettaRead MoreA Research On The Tapi Gas Pipeline833 Words   |  4 Pagestest for the persuasive power of positive economics over set geopolitical agendas. It may seem like a no-brainer that TAPI is great news for energy starved South Asia, but it risks becoming a coercive tool to strong-arm downstream partners when relations sour. Once online in 2019, TAPI will funnel 33 billion cubic meters of gas along a 1800 km pipeline from Turkmenistan’s Galkynysh field to Fazilka in Indian Punjab. It will pass through Herat and Kandahar in Afghanistan, cross borders into Quetta

A Short Story - 884 Words

Ethan wasnt worried, either, and he always started off weeks with a laser focus which generally waned by Thursday or so, although he picked it up late in the day on Friday with the weekend coming on. That was, of course, assuming he didnt have to work a weekend or go out of town to meet a client; lately, theyd clamped down on overtime or on anyone aside from upper management flying out of town on company dime. In general, if you had to leave your desk to meet a client, it was either a really big deal, or they were close enough in town to be managed face to face. Such was the case for the client he was meeting today, and hed thrown on a dark brown suit jacket - currently on a hanger on a wall in his cubicle - with a smart white shirt†¦show more content†¦No big deal. Ethan tried to grin back, but this was a big deal; even if he skipped lunch, there was no getting home and back in time for the meeting. He stood up quickly, trying to dab some of it off with kleenex as he went for the bathroom. Guess Ill need a new shirt. He gave Hailey another quick gaze before going to the mens room to clean off his shirt as best as he could. As expected, there was no saving it, and his suit jacket could not be buttoned up enough to cover up the stain. With a shake of his head, he quickly returned to the room with his gym bag, pulling out a tight black t-shirt which he threw on in lieu of the dirty dress shirt. With the suit jacket on, it still didnt look great, but it beat the alternative. With another scowl - he headed off to his meeting... ******* Jim Martin had not been impressed even with Ethans excuse, and he wouldve almost rather lost the sale then when - at the end of the day - Nate came over to his cube. Hey, I saved the Martin sale, by the way...convinced them you dont usually act like that. He gave a stupidly obnoxious thumbs up gesture. But now theyre on my list. Thanks buddy. He gave Ethan a back clap, and Ethan gamely returned the smile, shaking his head as he went over to the board that was tracking who was in the lead for the top performer. ~Nates actually in the lead...good odds thatll neverShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Consumer Security And Data Privacy - 1841 Words

Over the years the consumers of the internet have used this resource for many professional and personal needs. However, even though internet can seem like a good thing to us, it sometimes can be a bad thing and very threatening. Consumer security, and the protection of our data on websites and apps that we explore every day, is very important and should never be violated. Over the years there have been many services that in a way threaten this security and privacy and at the same time some services have helped us and most people are blind to this. The protection of our personal data on social media websites, to important data like medical information and social security is also affected in both ways. Consumer security and data privacy has affected we the consumers negatively through the lies from Facebook, ads containing malware from cyber criminals, non-malware, Google, and positively through LifeLock. Consumer security and data privacy is very important for everyone to know about because it can greatly affect us. Consumer security is our online security against many things such as hackers stealing money from us, preventing criminals and strangers from finding out where people live, and what people do. Data privacy is one of the many features of information technology that then allows users to store information about ourselves, other people, or really just anything people may be looking up, typing in and more. Data privacy and determining what to do with it can be a veryShow MoreRelatedCloud Computing Is Moving Into The Mainstream.Moving To1467 Words   |  6 Pagesoption for some consumers. However, there are many facets to consider before moving to the cloud. There are four types of clouds, public, private, community, and hybrid. All four cloud arrangements have pros and cons, and they need to be weighed before a decision is made. Two main challenges of clouds are security and privacy. These two main issues must be addressed prior to choosing a cloud service. As a consumer, you make the choice for how stringent your security and privacy are to your stakeholdersRead MoreCloud Challenges : Security And Privacy1363 Words   |  6 PagesCloud Challenges: Security and Privacy According to Prasad, Gyani and Murti (2012), â€Å"Cloud computing can be defined as a new style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the Internet† (p.7). This statement is from five years ago, and although cloud computing is no longer considered new, this definition still describes what cloud computing means today. Cloud computing being private or public is becoming more primordial in the ITRead MoreThe Consumer Privacy Bill Of Rights1600 Words   |  7 Pagesas burglary, property theft, and auto theft. These cases of identity theft and data breaches have became so common today that most do not even pay close attention when a new case is mentioned. However, the effort to eliminate the threat before it occurs is ever important when dealing with a phantom like enemy. Thus, the demand for an establishment and improvement of security is also at an all-time high with consumers. These same citizens bear the right and deserve the peace of mind of having personalRead MoreThe Case Of Ftc V. Wyndham Worldwide Corp1403 Words   |  6 Pagescars, nearly anything can be bought online. It is important for consumers to be assured of their identity protection and have peace of mind when ordering online. So when online retailers do not take the proper precautions for safeguarding their customer’s confidential information, how should they be held accountable? Does the Federal Trade Commission have the authority to reprimand companies that expose themselves to a threatening data breach? These are the principle questions that are being consideredRead MoreThe Internet Of Things ( Iot )982 Words   |  4 Pagesand receive data.Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT concept is difficult to define precisely. IoT can be define as the network of physical objects are embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity that enables these items to gather and exchange data. Another definition for IoT is interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with  unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a networkRead MoreToday, Real Life And Online Activities Have Become Indistinguishable1733 Words   |  7 Pagesvolume and acceleration of cyber threats. As the rate of security breaches continues to increase, so does the variety of attacks, and the technologies and processes deployed to prevent them. After a thorough research, I identified several trends in cyber security industry. This paper discusses three cyber security trends in the industry. The trend discussed is Greater need of cyber security professionals. A global study published by Intel Security and the Centre for Strategic and International StudiesRead MoreThe Privacy Of A Computer System Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"You already have zero privacy. Get over it.† Scott G. McNealy CEO of Sun Microsystems Inc. â€Å"Our work to improve privacy continues today.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Mark Zuckerberg CEO of Facebook. These are some of the quotes of CEOs of some most prominent and successful companies that have built their businesses by pacifying their customers into giving up their personal information. Human beings value their privacy and the protection of their personal sphere of life. They value some control over who knows what aboutRead MoreInternet Privacy : How Much Privacy Do We Really Have Anymore? Essay1706 Words   |  7 PagesMrs. Main May 6, 2015 English 15 Essay 5 Internet Privacy How much privacy do we really have anymore? Each and every day new technologies are being born and introduced into our society. A lot of these technologies have something to do with tracking and monitoring the consumer or user of a product or service. I am okay with having my personal information shared with the Internet but only to a point. While Americans claim to care about their privacy, they seem to really care about convenience moreRead MoreBig Data Is An Emerging Term1674 Words   |  7 PagesBig data is an emerging term which has been noticed since it influences our daily life gradually. The big data is a large concept that is vague because different people look at big data phenomenon from a different perspectives, it is not easy to make a precise definition (Moorthy, et. al., 2015). The deï ¬ nition of big data is a matter of debate, however, a typical reference is to the collection, management, and analysis of massive amounts of data (McNeely Hahm, 2014).According to G eorge et. al.Read MoreEffects of User’s Perceived Security on their Usage of Online Banking and e-Payment Facilities912 Words   |  4 Pagesassociated with having high levels of trust in relation security and privacy factors with regard to its physical environment. However this perceived notion has yet to be associated to the digital realm in its full potential. With the lack of physical interaction received through a brick and mortar setting, this creates a unique environment in which trust becomes a vital factor. For majority of users of online banking facilities, security and privacy concerns become of utmost importance as well as a deciding

The Transition of Women Free Essays

The Changing World of Women As a daughter living in a strict environment and living in a traditional ways, things get a little rough. My father is center of the household, so basically everything he says goes. In the western world it†s usually the other way around, it†s usually both the parents that have a say in things. We will write a custom essay sample on The Transition of Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now In my society(Muslim society) my mother has a say in nothing unless my father asks. My mother is an excellent mother but she mustn†t say anything or it would be considered not being a good wife. As I get older I am always dreading the day I am asked to be married. I know times have changed but I have a major dilemma. Am I going to marry or continue my education? The problem is I like working with medicine and I want to further my education by going to college. But that requires a minimum of six years university attendance and if I want more degrees that another five years. Most of my medical friends that are females married and had children while they were studying in college. I don†t want that to be me. I want to actually finish something I start. My father isn†t exactly helping me with the situation. He hates the fact that I want to work. In his case, women are not supposed to work unnecessarily if their husbands can provide for them(or their fathers can provide for them if their not married), but in a place like Saudi Arabia where men and women don†t mix at work, working just enhances the mind and makes one wiser to the ways of the world. In my mothers opinion, women become better companions to their husbands who should be more understanding and supportive. I feel that instead of being selfish, we can work out ways that help us be! good mothers, wives and also continue with our needs of life. If education is one such need, then there are ways to acquire it without causing disturbance. I think my father needs to catch up with the rest of the Muslim world instead of staying in the traditional ways. He said when I finish or if I finish my medical school he would refuse permission to let me work in a hospital. I guess some things will never change. The only person this dilemma is affecting is me. No one else has to go through my challenge of being a women over coming these obstacles but me. Hopefully their will be other women that follow in my foot steps and make a difference for all women or at least try. Women have come a long way but they are coming up in the world and no one can stop us. How to cite The Transition of Women, Papers

Hypertextrealities Essay Example For Students

Hypertextrealities Essay Gateway Computers finds a unique selling point to attract customers: their advertisement shows a young man ecstatic after getting the latest computer in the market. However, on his way home, he reads a billboard sign, which displays that a newer version of the same computer is launched. Apart from marketing Gateway Computers upgrading strategy, the advertisement reflects the rate of change in a technology-oriented world; the dichotomy being that such rapid change undermines the possibility for users to cope with emerging, changing technology. The situation exemplifies a new and unstable era for pedagogy in the age of information technology where technical communicators must be provided with a conceptual framework for the comprehension of malleable information and complex discrete elements (Basseur 78-79). Rhetoric plays an important role in navigating a technical communicator. In a hypertext project, it is the rhetorical framework that aids the communicator to translate multimedia in to a tool for persuading an audience. For example, Power Point as software uses the visual component as the dominant feature to process information in a graphical manner. The added components would be movie files, sound files, animated graphic, and embedded graphics. Thus, hypertext environment incorporates multiple variations of multimedia. For a novice communicator, it is possible that the tools may become the focal point of the presentation, as a Web page designer using an overabundance of animated graphics for the sake of visual stimulation. In the process, the focus shifts from the gestalt principle of figure-ground to the creation of visual noise (Kostelnick-Roberts 59). In this case, the designer overlooks the role of the graphics. Instead, the graphics are used as decorative images in the broader framework. An instructor teaching software applications may run the same risk of concentrating on the utilities and ignoring the contents that are stored and manipulated through the functions of the utilities. As Basseur explicates in Visual Literacy in The Computer Age, the ease or efficiency of computer applications has the potential to influence our choices, often in ways that we not even aware of. Thus, it is possible for the designer or the user to lose track in a post-modern landscape with the lack of structural design (Basseur 92). In Multimedia and the Learners Experience of Narrative, D. Laurillard emphasizes the importance of a structural framework:By contrast with traditional media, one of the key benefits for interactive media is seen as being the lack of imposed structure, giving much greater freedom of control to the user. However, in the context of instruction, this benefit runs counter to the learners need to discern structure if there is a message to be understood. We have found, from observation in previous research studies, that learners working on interactive media with no clear narrative structure display learning behaviour that is general ly unfocussed and inconclusive. Thus, one of the key benefits of interactive media, the greater learner control it offers, becomes pedagogically disadvantageous of it results in mere absence of structure. As pedagogy faces shifting, ambivalent changes in a technological world, it is imperative to uphold the conceptual structure for the users navigational purposes. Bibliography: